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From: R. Nachmani
Subject: Three-valued logic
Date: 20 Kislev 5784
Nothing definite. That is the point. Their silence is ambiguous. Did they check? Did they choose not to record? We cannot know.
This is why we need three values. Two values would force us to interpret silence as either "observed" or "not observed." Three values allow silence to mean "we do not know."
Actually — this is precisely how certain logical systems handle incomplete information. I believe it is called "Kleene logic" or something similar. We have independently discovered an established formalism.
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